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IEA DHC Annex XIV project 06: HY2HEAT Using electrolysis waste heat in district heating networks
Hydrogen will primarily be produced by electrolysis, however, approximately one third of the electricity used to generate the hydrogen will be wasted as heat. The aim of HY2HEAT is to analyse the techno-economic synergies of electrolysis waste heat integration in District Heating systems, to evaluate the best technical solutions and to derive a practical guide for District Heating operators.
IEA DHC TS5 - Integration of Renewable Energy Sources into existing District Heating and Cooling Systems (RES DHC)
The expansion of sustainable district heating/cooling is an essential part of the Austrian heat transition. The transformation of these supply systems to fully renewable systems requires the combination of a multitude of aspects. The aim of the project is to compile a data and knowledge base from international projects in this context. Expertise and process know-how for the process of implementing the transformation of district heating and cooling systems will be collected and processed.
IEA DSM Task 17 - Extension: Integration of Demand Side Management, Distributed Generation, Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Storages (working period 2013 - 2016)
The aim was to exchange experiences and developments in the field of integrating renewables with the help of DSM in residential and commercial buildings. Technologies like PV systems, electric vehicles, electric storages, heat pumps, micro-CHP in combination with energy management systems (via gateways), and implementing dynamic tariffs using smart meters offer huge potential to increase energy efficiency. Phase 3 of this Task addressed the current role and potential of flexible buildings and their related implied changes and impacts on the grid and markets. The scalability and applicability of successful projects with respect to specific regional differences and requirements was also explored.
IEA DSM Task 17: Integration of Demand Side Management, Distributed Generation, Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Storages
The main objective of the proposed Task is to study how to achieve the optimal integration of distributed generation, energy storages and flexible demand, and thus increase the value of distributed generation and demand response and decrease problems caused by intermittent distributed generation (mainly based on RES) in the physical electricity systems and at the electricity market. The Task deals with distributed energy resources both at local (distribution network and customer) level and at transmission system level where large wind farms are connected.
IEA DSM Task 24: Behaviour Change in DSM – Helping the Behaviour Changers (Working period 2015-2017)
More than 20% of the use of energy for small consumers can be saved by changed behaviours. Past efforts to tap these potentials through DSM-interventions are not effective. The Task 24 dealt with the most important actors groups as well as tools, which support the behaviour changers in their daily work. In addition, an assessment method for DSM-interventions in the frame of the Austrian law on energy efficiency was elaborated.
IEA DSM Task 25 – Business Models for a more effective market uptake of DSM energy services
This task aims at the identification and development of effective business models for energy services, which lead to a sustainable growth of energy efficiency services. Therefore the various national framework conditions and contexts have been analysed, that are necessary for a successful development of such business models. Examples for start-ups and entrepreneurs have been discussed, their challenges and deficits as well as success factors in terms of capabilities/skills identified and out of these findings a web based analysis tool been developed.
IEA Demand Side Management Energy Efficiency (DSM TCP)
Demand Side Management (DSM) refers to the implementation of energy efficiency improvements and service management measures on the side of end users for optimising energy systems overall. This IEA-research programme pushes development of suitable technologies, applications and methods for end users and thus facilitates their preferential adoption in all political decisions on energy policy.
IEA District Heating and Cooling (DHC TCP)
The TCP on District Heating and Cooling (DHC) was founded in 1983. It deals with the design, performance and operation of DHC and Combined Heat and Power systems as powerful tools for energy conservation and the reduction of environmental impacts of supplying heat.
IEA EBC Annex 55: Reliability of Energy Efficient Building Retrofitting - Probability Assessment of Performance & Cost (RAP-RETRO)
The scope of the project is to develop and provide decision support data and tools for energy retrofitting measures. The tools will be based on probabilistic methodologies for prediction of energy use, life cycle cost and functional performance. The impact of uncertainty on the performance and costs will be considered. Methods based on probability give powerful tools that can provide us with reliable ranges for the outcome.
IEA EBC Annex 56 – Cost Effective Energy and Carbon Emission Optimization in Building Renovation
The objective of the IEA EBC Annex 56 project was to develop a methodology for cost effective energy and carbon emissions optimization in building renovation. Within the frame of the project this methodology was developed and furthermore also innovative renovation projects were collected and analyzed, which should perform as best practice examples.
IEA EBC Annex 57: Evaluation of the design-specific CO2 emissions and the gray energy
The IEA-EBC Annex 57 evaluated methods of construction-related embodied environmental impacts and embodied energy and related international best practice projects and their approaches. Based on these findings, methodological guidelines as well as measures for their application at the international level and for the planning of buildings - with lower embodied energy and embodied greenhouse gas emissions - were derived.
IEA EBC Annex 60: New generation computational tools for building and community energy systems based on the Modelica and Functional Mockup Interface standards
The objective was to develop and demonstrate next-generation computational tools that allow building and community energy grids to be designed and operated as integrated systems. The work conducted in Annex 60 has helped to share, further develop and deploy free open-source contributions of previously uncoordinated activities in modeling and simulation, based on the Modelica and Functional Mockup Interface standards.
IEA EBC Annex 61 - Business and Technical Concepts for Deep Energy Retrofit of Public Buildings
Target of IEA EBC Annex 61 was the development of technical and economical concepts for Deep Energy Retrofit of public buildings. To force high-quality and energy efficient retrofit, besides the enhancement and dissemination of innovative, technical retrofit concepts, the focus was in the development of innovative business models (energy-contracting).
IEA EBC Annex 62: Ventilative Cooling
The main goal of the Annex 62 is to make ventilative cooling an attractive and energy efficient cooling solution to avoid overheating in buildings. Ventilation is already present in buildings through mechanical and/or natural systems and it can remove excess heat gains as well as increase air velocities to widen the thermal comfort range. The results from the Annex facilitate better possibilities for both design purposes and for energy performance calculation.
IEA EBC Annex 63: Implementation of Energy Strategies in Communities
As part of the "Annex 63" project, Austria has worked with 10 other countries to develop guidelines for the successful implementation of energy strategies at local level. The results include support for nine strategic measures, descriptions of case studies, support materials and recommendations for different target groups.
IEA EBC Annex 64: Optimised Performance of Energy Supply Systems with Exergy Principles (Working period 2014-2018)
To reduce CO2 emissions in cities, an overall understanding of energy conversion processes is necessary, which also takes temperature levels into account. This is particularly important when alternative heat sources such as waste heat, ambient heat, solar and geothermal energy are to be used, as these often have a low temperature level, i.e. a low exergy content. Accordingly, urban energy systems are analysed and optimised within the framework of the IEA EBC Annex 64 with the help of the exergy approach.
IEA EBC Annex 66: Definition and Simulation of Occupant Behavior in Buildings
Given the considerable implications of occupants' presence and behavior for buildings’ performance, IEA EBC Annex 66 aims to set up a standard occupant behavior definition platform, establish a quantitative simulation methodology to model occupant behavior in buildings, and understand the influence of occupant behavior on building energy use and the indoor environment.
IEA EBC Annex 67: Energy Flexible Buildings (working period 2015 - 2019)
The project increased the knowledge on building Energy Flexibility and the regarding potential buildings can provide to energy grids. The critical aspects and possible solutions to utilize the Energy Flexibility that buildings can provide were identified and a report of the “Principles of Energy Flexible Buildings” will be published in 2019.
IEA EBC Annex 68: Indoor Air Quality Design and Control in Low Energy Residential Buildings
In this project, the scientific basis and data for a coupled calculation and evaluation of indoor air quality and energy efficiency of residential buildings were developed. Assessment metrics and detailed air pollutant models were developed and integrated into the building simulation to derive guidance for the planning and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings.
IEA EBC Annex 70: Building Energy Epidemiology: Analysis of Real Building Energy Use at Scale
Within the framework of the IEA-EBC Annex 70, causes of deviations between calculated and actual energy consumption in buildings were empirically investigated and requirements for data quality, characteristics and security were developed. Furthermore, recommendations were developed regarding the use of internationally uniform standards and methods for data collection, processing and evaluation.